Internal-combustion engine.



W. E. SWEET. INTERNAL comsusnom mama. APPLICATION FILED AUELB, I917- 1 ,272,570 Patented July 16, 1918.

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W. E. SWEET. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 6. 1917. 16, 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 INVENTOR. WILLIAM E. amp flvfifiwl kx ATTORNEYS.

WITNESSES: W 4%4 W E WILLIAM E. SWEET, OF DOWAGIAC, MICHIGAN.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed August 6. 1917.

To (11/ when: it may concern.

lie it known that I Wnmuu Il. Swnn'r. a citizen of the I uitcd States. residing at. Dowagiac. country of (has. State of Michigau. have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal-( omhustion Englues. of which the following is a aperitication.

- This invention relates to improvements in internal combustion engines.

The objects of this invention are:

First. to )rovide an intern'al combustion engine which is economical in the consump tion of fuel.

Second. to provide an internal conilntstion engine in which hoth the fuel and the air for l'ormiug the comhustihle mixture are heated before passing through the carburetor.

'lhird. to provide improved means for heating the air and the. intake manifold.

Fourth. to provide an internal combustion engine with a pair of carburetors. one, of which is designed for the use of the lighter h v(Lrocarhons. such as gasolene, and the other of which is intended to be used with heavier lrrdrocarlmis, such as kerosene.

Fifth. to provide improved means for adjusting and controlling said carbtn'eters.

Further objects. and ohjects relating to structural details. will definitely from the detailed description to follow.

I accomplhh the objects of my invention In the devices andmeans described in the following vwecilication. The invention is that rl v defined and pointed out in the claims.

A structure which is a preferred embodiment of my invention is clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawing, forming a part of this specification. in which:

Figure I is a partial longitudinal section through the front end o-t' an automobile showing the engine with my improvements in side elevation. portions of the engine bein ghrokeu away.

Fig. II ie a detail horizontal. section on a. line corrcspolnling to line 2*2 of Fig. I.

Fig. III is a rear elevation of my improved combined exhaust and intake manifolds, and air heating device.

Fig. IV is a partial sectional detail showing fUtltHl'Ps of the construction of the intake conduit.

Specification of Letters Patent.

appear Patented Judy 1.6, 1918.

Serial No. 184.683.

Fig. V in an enlarged detail section on a line eorreapomli-ug to line 5---5 of Figs. I and III.

Fig. VI an enlarged detail section on a line corresponding to line 0 4; of Figs. I and III.

Fig. VII is an enlarged detail section on a line eta-responding to line T- T of Fig. VI.

Fig. VIII is an enlarged detail section on a line corresponding to line of Figs. I and IX. showing details. of the com-traction of thetuel heater.

Fig. IX is a Sectional detail on a line corre ponding to the curved line l-9 of Fig. VIII.

Fig. X is a plan \iew ot' the gaaolenc carhureter throttle controlling meana. showing the spring detent in full lines and in dotted lines.

Fig. X1 is a sectional detail view through the dash, and foot hoard. on a line. corresponding to line 115-11 of Fig. X. showing details of construction of the gasolcne carbureter throttle. controlling means.

In the drawing similar reference characters refer to similar parts throughout the several iews and the Htt'tiiOIlttl views are taken looking in the direction of the little arrows at the ends of the s ction lines.

Referring to the drawings. the reference. characters 1.. 3 and 3 indicate the dash. hood. and radiator. re apectivel v ol' an automobile, and the reference charact-er 4 indicates the foot hoard tl'iereof. The reference character 5 indicates-an internal combustion engine. portionsot' which'have been broken away for convenience in illustration.

The parts above referred to are conventionally illustrated as forming parts of a Ford automobile. It is to be. understood. however. that my invention is capable of being applied to other types of engines. The reference character ti indicates the exhaust pipe and the reference charactera T and H indicate the kerosene and gasolene carlniretcrs. respectively. Throughout the specification and clainm the terms kerosene and gasolene will he used to designate generally the heavier and lighter lrYtlIU-Jttl'lPURE. respectively.

The kerosene carburetor 7 is connected by means of the p ie 9 with the fuel heater 10,

whieh. as shown in Figs. \"lll and IX. con-- slsls of an :iri-uate shaped rei-eptaele clamped to the exhaut pipe t' and provided with hallle plate ll. whit-h are alternately disposed to proiidia Zlgf-Ztlg passage through the heal r. 'l'he luel delivery pipe fl enters the upper end heri-ol' and the luel supply pipe 12 "tililtlt'l? the heater with a supply ot' l'uel. not shown. 1 this means. heated l'uel is nipplied to the kerosene carhureter T. (lasoleniis supplied to the carhureter R by means of the pipe 11') which is connected with a suitnhle supply. not shown.

To insure ellirient heating of the eomhustilde mixture and the oil supply for the earlun'eler. l form the exhaust. manifold. intake manil'old. and air heating ronduits'll. l5. and 1H. lt 'lH -!il\'ll in an integral easing. tlu exhau manil'old living provided with the ork lT ihivh lttl'l-dt'l with the exhaust po Ye h -nginc \ltt1lltl'. and the ports i who-l1- -t-wwitlith intakeportsitlol Hulltlltlfl ildq what-go t two of the engine c v'linders.

The air heating conduit It; is provided with an air inlet port 2l,'see Fig. l, which is closer to the gasolene carhurel'er 8 than to the kerosene carhureter 7, whereby the air delivered to the kerosene carlmreter will be heated to a higher temptu'ature than that, delivered to the gasolene carhureter. Hot air conduits 22 lead from the opposite ends of the air heating conduit 16 to the air intak s 2?, of the kerosene and gasolene carhureters.

The air intakes :22) are provided with ehokcrs whirh ale opt-rated through the i. ruuhs 13;. the free ends of whirh are pivotall) ronnrrtrd to th. 2:! touting rod 25. the torward ends of which extend beyond the radiator it so that it is arcessible to the operator while cranking the engine. I also provide means for operating the chokerfrom the dash comprising the rod 26 which is'conneeted to the rod 25 at one end, the opposite end thereof projecting through the dash and being provided with a handle 27 whereby it may be operated.

The throttle for theikerosene carburetor T is controlled through the Link '28 and operating meehanism on the steering column, not shown. in the same manner in which the gas olene carbureter throttle is controlled in the ordinary Ford construction I also provide a throttle for the gasolene earbureter 8 which is operated through the link 29, the rear end of which is pivotally connected to the c 'ank 30 of a hell erank le ver, the horizontal arm 31 of which constitutes a foot pedal for controlling the gasolene carhureter throttle. The foot pedal 31.

is urged upwardly h v the spring 32 so as to hold the gasolemearhureter throttle nor- 3:, inullr in a olnrutl position. In order to hold the throttle open while the engine is being cranked. I provide a spring retracted detr, 1 3; \Nlllt'll the spring :52 urges to the position shown in dotted outline in Fig. X, in which position it. is inactive.

When it is ill-sired to erank the engine, the loot edal :21 is depressed and the detent it! is moved outwardly over the foot pedal and the l mit pedal is then released. The sprin 32K thereupon urges the foot pedal upwardly against the detent 32 and produces sullit'ient frictional eontact hetwee'n the foot pedal and the detent to hold the latter in the position shown in full lines in Fig. X and the detent preients the foot pedal 31 from moi ineupwardly lar enough to completely close llu gasolene throttle. After the Cl? Qlllt i ranked, the operator merely deiiltH"-.l.iw tlu foot iniltll ulicreupon the detent is rrll'ucird in tin spring and upon re- 'h) lrzuin; ilotoot adal the gusolene throttle is ilosed.

.\t any time during the operation of the engine when the (-omhustihlc mixture formed l v the kerosene carburetor is too lean to produce the power required. the foot pedal may he depressed. whereupon the gasolene (:arhureter will supply a richer conihustihle mixture to the engine.

The reference characters 35 indicate the stems of the fuel regulating valves for the two earluireters. the upper ends of whieh are provided with disks 45 that are connected by means of the howed link 36. The two 3th; valves are actuated hy the rod iii. the upper end of whirh i-: rotatahly mounted in and proiw'ls through the dash and is provided \iith a handle on tor ;r.':t;uating the same.

An important feature of my invention resides in the disposition of the branches Elf) and it) of the intake conduit 41 which conneet with the kerosene and gasolene carbul'eters respectively. These hranohes are symmetrically related to the intake conduit 41 so that the combustible mixture is evenly distriliiuted to the intake ports of the engine.

lt is helieved that the operation of my improved internal voinliusl'ion engine will he clear. from the ahove description. to those skilled in the a t.

While I have desrl'ihed and illustrated my invention in its preferred elnhodiment in commotion with portions of a Ford automohile engine. it is to he. understood that my invention is not limited to the Sllltjlfit. details illustratml and don-ritual. hut may be. used with engines ol' ot..-r types and is capable of other adapta ion idilimt .018 .vil'll in the si s tlnn. holed claims.

Having thus described my invention, What 1 claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In an internal cmnlmstion engine, the combination of an intake manifold, an air heating conduit and an exhaust manifold 'formed integrally tlierewith and having walls in common therewith so that the intake manifold and air heating conduit are heated thereby, said intake manifold hav ing an intake conduit with oppositely disposed branches symmetrically related thereto, a pair of carburetors one adapted for lighter hydrocarbons, such as gasolene, and the other for the heavier hydrocarbons, such as kerosene, connected to the said branches of said intake conduit, the fuel supp] to tlic earbureters for the heavier fuel being provided with heating means associated with the exhaust to be heated thereby, the air heating conduit being provided with delivery connections from its ends to said carlun'eters, the air inlet of said air heating conduit being closer to the carburetor for the lighter fuel, fuel feed regulating valves for said carburetors provided with a common actuating means, chokers for said carbureters provided with a common actuating means, and throttles for said earbureters provided with independent actuating means, the gasolene carhureter throttle ontrol means being provided with a spring retracted detent for holding said throttle open.

2. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of an intake manifold, an air heating conduit and an exhaust manifold formed integrally therewith and having walls in common therewith so that the intake manifold and air heating conduit are heated thereby, said intake manifold having an intake conduit with oppositelv disposed branches \symmetrically related thereto, a

pair of rarlitrreters one adapted for lighter hydrocarbons,sh h as gasolene, and the other for the heavier hydrocarbons, such as kerosene, connected to the said branches of said intake conduit, the fuel supply to the carbnreters for the heavier fuel being provided with heating means associated'with the exhaust to be heated thereby, the air heating, conduit being provided with delivery connections from its ends to said carburetors, the air inlet of said air heating conduit being closet to the carbureter for the lighter fuel. and throttles for said t'arlmretcrs provided with independent actuating means. the 'asolene carbureter throttle control means being provided with a spring retracted detent for holding said throttle open.

walls in eonnnon therewith so that the in take manifold. and air heating conduit art heated thereby, said intake manifold having an intake conduit with oppositely dis posed branches symmetrically related thereto, a pair of earbureters one adapted for lighter hydrocarbons, such as gasolene, and the other for the heavier hydrocarbons, such as kerosene, connected to the said branches of said intake conduit, the fuel supply to the earhureters for the heavier fuel being provided with heating means associated wit 1 the exhaust to be heated thereby, the air heating conduit being provided with delivery connections from its ends to said carbureters, the air inletof said air heating conduit being closer to the carbureterfor the lighter fuel, fuel feed regulating valves for saidcarlmreters provided with a common actuating means, ehokers for said carbureters provided with a common ctuating;' means, and throttle means for said carbu reters.

4. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of an intake manifold. an ill! heating eonduit and an exhaust, manifold formed integrally therewith and having walls in common therewith so that the intake manifold and air heating conduit are heated thereby, saidintake manifold having an intake conduit with oppositely disposed branches symmetrically related thereto, a pair of carbureters one adapted for lighter hydrocarbons, such as gasolene, and the other for the heavier hydrocarbons, such as kerosene, connected to the said branches of said intake conduit, the fuel supply to the carbureters for the heavier fuel being pro vided with heatingmeans associated with the exhaust to be heatyd thereby, the air heatin conduit being provided with deliver connections from its ends to said carbureters. the air inlet of said air heating conduit beiugrloser in the carburetor for the lighter-"fuel, and throttle means for said t-arbureters.

In an n ne-hat combustion engine, the combination of an intake manifold, an air heating conduit 'and an exhaust manifold associated therewith so that the intake 1nanifold and air heating conduit are heated therehv, a pair of carbureters connected to the said intake conduit, the air heating eon duit being provided with dtdiverv connections from its ends to said carluireters, fuel feed regulating; valves for said carhureters provided with a common actuating means, chokers for said carburetors provided with common actuating means, and. throttles for said rarlnn'eters provided with independent actuating means.

(5. in an internal combustion engine, the combination of an intake manifold, an air heating conduit and an exhaust manifold associated therewith sothat tlnintake lnani fold and air heating conduit are heated thereby, a pair of carbureters connected to the Said intake conduit, the air heating conduit being provided with delivery connections from its ends to said carburoters, and throttles for said carlnireters provided with independent actiniting means.

7. 1n an internal combustion engine, the combination of an intake manifold, an air heating conduit and an exhaust n'ianitold as sociated therewith so that the intake manifold and air heating onduit are, heated thereby, a pan of rartuneters connected to the said intake i" .vitiii. the air heating conond new; provuh .5 wil delivery connecion. in; their. to wit :ttldlt'a'ttTl-i, and 'ir tthw b wi l taibuiirr proiided with the gas/alone t v" hrott wntr means being pro-- 1 it obi a sprint; t tra tut [lett-nt for aociatcd therewith so that th takc manifold and air heating cond are heated therei .v said intake manif wing an intake conduit with oppo disposed branches symmetrically relaiw therewith, a pair of carburcters connecto the said branches of said intake conduit, the air heating conduit being provided with deliv cry connections to said cnrbureteis. the air inlet of raid air heating conduit being closer to one carburetor than the other fut-l teed regulatim, valves for said carburetcm ro vided with a. common actuating mcauachok ers for said carburctcrs provided with a. common actuating means. and throttles for said carburetors provided with independent actuating means.

9. In an internal combustion engine. the combination of an intake manifold, an air heating conduit and an exhaust manifold as sociated therewith so that the intake mani fold and air heating conduit are heated thereby, said intake manifold having an intake conduit with oppositely disposed branches symmetrically related therewith, a pair of carburetors connected to the said branches of said intake conduit, the air heating conduit being provided with delivery connections to said carburetcrs, the air inlet of said air heating conduit being closer to one carburetor than the other, and throttle means for said carburetor.

i In an internal combustion engine, the combination of an intake manifold, an air heating conduit and an exhaust manifold associated therewith so that the. intake manifold and air heating conduitv are heated thereby. said intake manifold baring all in take conduit with oppositely disposed branches synn'nctrically related therewith, a pair oi cal'lnu'etels connected to the said branches oi said intake conduit, the air hcating conduit being provided with delivery connections to said carluiretcrs, and throttle moans for said carburetors.

ll. In an internal comliustion engine, the combination of an intake manifold, an air heating conduit and an exhaust; manifold associated therewith so that the intake manifold and air heating conduit are heated thereby, a pair of carburetors connected to the mid intake conduit, the air heating condnit being provided with delivery conneetions to staid t-arlulrct'ers, the, air inlet, of said air heating conduit being closer to one carilitlt'ltt than the other, and thrt'rttlc means for said carlnirctcrs.

'1'). in an internal roml'iustion engine, the tombination of an intake manifold, an air heating conduit, and an exhaust manifold disposed between and formed integrally therewith, said intake manifold being provided with an intake conduit having branches syini'nctrically related thereto, a gasolene carburetor and a kerosene carburetor connected to said, branches, the air intakes to said carburcters being connected with the end of said air heating conduit, said air heating conduit being provided with an air inlet nearer to the gasolcne connection than to the kerosene carburetor conncc tion, and means for heating the fuel supply of said kerosene carburetor.

3. ln an internal combustion engin the cmnbination of an intake manifold, an air heating conduit, and an exhaust manifold disposed between and formed integrally therewith, a gasolcne carburetor and a kerosene carbiiretcr connected to said branches, the air intakes to said carburcters being connected with the end of said air heating conduit, said air heating conduit being pro vided with an air inlet nearer to the gasolenc connection than to the kerosene carbureter connection, and means for heating the fuel supply of said kerosene carburetor.

14. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of an intake manifold, an air heating conduit, and an exhaust manifold disposed between and formed integrally therewith, said intake manifold being pro vided with an intake conduit having branches symmetrically related thereto, a gasolenc carburetor and a kerosene carburcter connected to said branches, the air intakes to said carburetors being connected with said air heating conduit, and means for heating the fuel supply of said kerosene carburetor.

15. The coinl ltltiOIl with an intake manifold having intake branches symmetrically related thereto, a kerosene carbureter connected to one of said branches, and a gasolene oarbureter connected to the other, and common means for supplying heated air to both of said carbureters arranged so that the supply of air to said kerosene carbureter is normally heated to a higher degree than the air supplied to said gasolene carbureter.

16. The combination with an intake manifold, a kerosene carbureter, and a gasolene earbureter connected thereto, and a common means for sup lying heated air to both of said carbureters arranged so that the supply of air to said kerosene carburetor is nor- 15 mally heated to a higher degree than the air supplied to said gasolene carbureter.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal in the presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM E. SWEET. [14.5.] Witnesses:

M, L. Gmsoow, G. B. THOMPSON. 

